Modal split of passenger traffic: The Polish section of EU external borders

Abstract Despite the ongoing processes of territorial integration, especially in Europe, there are still borders that fulfil their original function, namely a barrier. In some cases, this function has even been strengthened. Such is case with Poland’s eastern border, which also external border EU and Schengen Area. This article presents modal split passenger traffic under conditions frequent changes functions permeability borders, against background key drivers behind volumes traffic, i.e. geopolitical, socio-economic, infrastructural factors, both relation to road, rail infrastructure. All sections display marginalisation railway transport. The Polish characterised by sustained high share bus transport, pertains all analysis. long waiting times for clearance when travelling private cars was probably one factors creation market collective Private transport most dominant on Polish-Russian while largest crossings recorded Belarusian border.